#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS



//limits.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//#include<climits>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	int n_int = INT_MAX;
//	short s_short = SHRT_MAX;
//	long l_long = LONG_MAX;
//	long long ll_long = LLONG_MAX;
//
//	cout << "int is " << sizeof(int) << " bytes" <<endl; 
//	cout << "short is " << sizeof(short) << " bytes " << endl;
//	cout << "long is " << sizeof(long) << " bytes " << endl;
//	cout << "long long is " << sizeof(long long) << "bytes" << endl << endl;
//
//	cout << "Maximumu values :" << endl;
//	cout << "int :" << n_int << endl;
//	cout << "short :" << s_short << endl;
//	cout << "long :" << l_long << endl;
//	cout << "long long :" << ll_long << endl << endl;
//
//	cout << "Minimum int value = " << INT_MIN << endl;
//	cout << "Bits per byte = " << CHAR_BIT << endl << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//exceed.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//#define ZERO 0
//#include<climits>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//
//	short yqh = SHRT_MAX;
//	unsigned short syj = yqh;
//	cout << "yqh has " << yqh << " dollars and syj has " << syj;
//	cout << " dollars deposited." << endl
//	<< "Add $1 to each account. " << endl << "Now ";
//	yqh += 1;
//	syj += 1;
//	cout << "yqh has " << yqh << " dollars and syj has " << syj;
//	cout << " dollars deposited.\nPoor yqh and syj." << endl;
//	yqh = ZERO;
//	syj = ZERO;
//	cout << "yqh has " << yqh << " dollars and syj has " << syj;
//	cout << " dollars deposited." << endl;
//	cout << "Take $1 form each account." << endl << "Now ";
//	yqh -= 1;
//	syj -= 1;
//	cout << "yqh has " << yqh << " dollars and syj has " << syj;
//	cout << " dollars deposited." << endl << "Lucky syj!" << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//hexoct1.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	int chest = 42;
//	int waist = 0X42;
//	int inseam = 042;
//
//	cout << "Monsieur cuts a strinking figure !\n";
//	cout << "Chest : " << chest << "(42 in decimal.)\n";
//	cout << "Waist : " << waist << "(42 in hex.)\n";
//	cout << "Inseam : " << inseam << "(42 in octal.)\n";
//
//	return 0;
//}



//chartype.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	char ch;
//	cout << "Enter a character: ";
//	cin >> ch;
//	cout << "Hola!";
//	cout << "Thank you for the " << ch << " character." << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//morechar.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	char ch = 'M';
//	int c = ch;
//	cout << "The ASCII code for " << ch << " is " << c << endl;
//
//	cout << "Add one to the character code:" << endl;
//	ch += 1;
//	c = ch;
//	cout << "The ASCII code for " << ch << " is " << c << endl;
//
//	cout << "Displaying char ch using cout.put() : ";
//	cout.put(ch);
//	cout.put('!');
//
//	cout << endl << "Done." << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//bondini.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	cout << "\aOperation \"HyperHype\" is now acitived.\n";
//	cout << "Enter your agent code:________\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b";
//	long code;
//	cin >> code;
//	cout << "\aYou entered " << code << " ...\n";
//	cout << "\aCode verified! Proceed with plan Z3 !\n";
//
//	return 0;
//}



//floatnum.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
//	float tub = 10.0 / 3.0;
//	double mint = 10.0 / 3.0;
//	const float millon = 1.0E6;
//
//	cout << "Tub = " << tub;
//	cout << ", a millon tubs = " << tub * millon;
//	cout << ",\n \and ten millon tubs = ";
//	cout << 10 * millon * tub << endl;
//
//	cout << "mint = " << mint;
//	cout << " and a millon mints = ";
//	cout << millon * mint << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	float a = 2.34E+22f;
//	float b = a + 1.0f;
//
//	cout << "a = " << a << endl;
//	cout << "b - a = " << (b - a) << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//arith.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	float hats, heads;
//
//	cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
//	cout << "Enter a number: ";
//	cin >> hats;
//	cout << "Enter another number: ";
//	cin >> heads;
//
//	cout << "hats = " << hats << " ; heads = " << heads << endl;
//	cout << "hats + heads = " << hats + heads << endl;
//	cout << "hats - heads = " << hats - heads << endl;
//	cout << "hats * heads = " << hats * heads << endl;
//	cout << "hats / heads = " << hats / heads << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//divide.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
//	cout << "Integer division: 9/5 = " << 9 / 5 << endl;
//	cout << "Floating_point division: 9.0/5.0 = " << 9.0 / 5.0 << endl;
//	cout << "Mixed division: 9.0/5 = " << 9.0 / 5 << endl;
//	cout << "Double constants: 1E7 / 9.0 = " << 1.E7 / 9.0 << endl;
//	cout << "Float constants: 1E7f / 9.0f = " << 1.E7f / 9.0f << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//modulus.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	const int lbs_per_stn = 14;
//	int lbs;
//
//	cout << "Enter your weight in pounds: ";
//	cin >> lbs;
//
//	int stone = lbs / lbs_per_stn;
//	int pounds = lbs % lbs_per_stn;
//	cout << lbs << " pounds are " << stone << " stone, " << pounds << " pound(s)" << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//init.cpp
//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
//	float three = 3;
//	int guess(3.9832);
//	int debt(7.2E12);
//
//	cout << "Three = " << three << endl;
//	cout << "Guess = " << guess << "\n";
//	cout << "Debt = " << debt << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}



//#include<iostream>
//
//int main()
//{
//	using namespace std;
//	int auks, bats, coots;
//
//	auks = 19.99 + 11.99;
//
//	bats = (int)19.99 + (int)11.99;
//	coots = int(19.99) + int(11.99);
//	cout << "auks = " << auks << ", bats = " << bats << ", coots = " << coots << endl;
//
//	char ch = 'z';
//	cout << "The code for " << ch << " is " << int(ch) << endl;
//	cout << "Yes, the code is " << static_cast<int>(ch) << endl;
//
//	return 0;
//}